Delta virus hepatitis
•Delta virus coinfection/superinfection
in 5-15%
of HIV/HBV co-infected
•Particularly in IVDUs, Eastern/Central/Southern Europe, sub-Saharan
Africa
•Often low levels of HBV DNA or HCV RNA
•Often aggressive hepatic fibrosis
OR F3/F4
Lacombe et al, AIDS 2007,
Boyd et al, J Viral Hepatitis 2009, Arribas et al, AIDS 200